Each evening at 8 PM, a priest reads the submitted names and dedicates the merit of the service to the departed.
July Obon7.10― 7.16
August Obon8.10― 8.16
Two seven-day observances in July and August 2026
Table of Contents
Choosing between July and August Obon
Choose the period observed by your family or hometown. July Obon is common in Tokyo, Yokohama, and some other cities; August Obon is common in Shikoku, Kansai, and much of Japan. If you are unsure, follow your family temple's calendar or choose the period when your family can most easily join in prayer.
Following the urban calendar of Tokyo, Yokohama and other metropolitan areas
July Obon Memorial Service
7.10 ― 7.16 (Fri → Thu)
Held in keeping with the July Obon observed in Kanto and other urban regions, in memory of your ancestors and departed loved ones.
Fri, July 10 · 8:00 PM — Opening service
Mon, July 13 — Welcoming Obon (Mukaebon)
Wed, July 15 — Ullambana memorial
Thu, July 16 — Sending Obon · closing dedication
The month-later Obon observed across most of Japan
August Obon Memorial Service
8.10 ― 8.16 (Mon → Sun)
Held in keeping with the August Obon observed in Shikoku, Kansai and many other regions, in memory of your ancestors and departed loved ones.
Mon, August 10 · 8:00 PM — Opening service
Thu, August 13 — Welcoming Obon (Mukaebon)
Sat, August 15 — Ullambana memorial
Sun, August 16 — Sending Obon · closing dedication
Services begin at 8 PM each evening
Throughout the July and August Obon periods, the priests of Byodoji hold a memorial service every evening from 8:00 PM before the shoryodana in the temple's Jibutsudo hall. A priest reads aloud the names of the ancestors and loved ones you entrust to us and dedicates the merit of the service to them.
If you can be present at 8:00 PM, please join us then. If not, quietly put your hands together at a time that suits you.
Around 19:50
Join in with shared joy (zuiki) and wait for the service to begin
Throughout Obon, from 8:00 PM each evening, we hold a memorial service for your ancestors and loved ones before the shoryodana, the memorial altar set up in Byodoji's Jibutsudo hall.
The service is held at the same hour every evening of both the July and August Obon periods.
A priest reads aloud the names, posthumous Buddhist names, and prayer intentions you have entrusted to us.
The service is held at 8:00 PM every evening of the period, without missing a night.
Recitation & Dedication
We dedicate the merit of the service to those who have passed
We prepare offerings and welcome the departed, recite the sutras to convey our gratitude, and dedicate the merit to them.
What happens after you apply
Join the 8 PM service each evening
From a computer or smartphone at home, you can join the Obon memorial held before the shoryodana in Byodoji's Jibutsudo hall. If returning home is difficult or going out worries you, you can put your hands together from wherever you are.
Names read aloud by a priest
During the service, a priest reads aloud the names, posthumous Buddhist names, and prayer intentions you entrust to us, and dedicates the merit to your ancestors and loved ones.
Pray together with your family
Family members who live apart can join the same service through the same livestream. Even in a year when you cannot gather, you can pray at the same hour.
Memorial services from welcoming Obon through sending Obon
Every evening at 8:00 PM throughout Obon, we hold the memorial before the shoryodana in the Jibutsudo hall, from welcoming Obon through sending Obon.
Continue without strain, whatever your circumstances
Work, distance, illness, caregiving, raising children, living overseas: whatever makes it hard to visit, you can keep up the memorial in the way that is possible for you now.
Open to any tradition
Anyone who wishes to remember the departed and put their hands together in gratitude to their ancestors may apply, whatever their tradition. If you have a family temple (bodaiji), please give its services priority first, and use our online memorial to supplement them in years when returning home or visiting the grave is difficult.
The wishes behind the signs of Obon
Mukaebi and okuribi (welcoming and sending fires)
The mukaebi, or welcoming fire, is a light kindled to receive your ancestors and loved ones. It is lit with the wish that they find their way home.
The okuribi, or sending fire, is a light kindled to see them back to the world of the buddhas. We see them off with thanks for coming home again this year.
Spirit horse and spirit ox
The cucumber horse carries the wish that the departed return quickly. The eggplant ox carries the reluctance to part, asking them to take their time going back.
Bon lantern
The Bon lantern marks the way home for your ancestors and loved ones. At a first Obon (shinbon or hatsubon), a white lantern is sometimes lit. The white lantern carries the family's prayer that the departed, coming home for the first time, will not lose their way.
Offerings
At Obon, families offer seasonal fruit, somen noodles, vegetarian dishes, and the things the departed loved. Offering with care matters more than setting out fine things.
The time you spend remembering the departed and speaking to them as you make your offerings is itself a memorial.
Choose the July or August service
Whether you choose July or August, the heart you bring to your ancestors is no different. Please select the time that fits your hometown, your family temple's calendar, or simply when your family can most easily put their hands together.
For years when you cannot return home or visit the family grave
At Obon, families welcome the departed, prepare offerings, give thanks, dedicate merit, and see them off. If travel is not possible, you can still observe Obon and pray from home.
Before the shoryodana, the memorial altar prepared in the temple's Jibutsudo hall, a priest reads aloud the names, posthumous Buddhist names, and prayer intentions you have entrusted to us. You may join the same service from home, while traveling, or from overseas.
If your family has a temple, please give priority to its services and your family's customs. Byodoji's online service is available when returning home or visiting the grave is difficult.
The sources and origins of Obon
Obon took its present form as three streams came together over many centuries. The first is the story in the Ullambana Sutra of the Venerable Maudgalyāyana, a disciple of the Buddha, who sought to save his late mother. The second is the ancestor festival (Zhongyuan) held in China since ancient times on the fifteenth day of the seventh month. The third is the Japanese custom of welcoming the departed home, hosting them, and seeing them off again.
年年七月十五日,常以孝順慈憶所生父母,乃至七世父母,為作盂蘭盆施佛及僧。
Year after year, on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, with filial reverence and loving remembrance, prepare an Ullambana offering for one's living parents and ancestors of seven generations, and present it to the Buddha and the Sangha. Buddha Speaks the Ullambana Sutra
Obon rests on a passage the Buddha taught to Maudgalyāyana. The Buddha taught that on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when the rains retreat ends, one should offer gifts to the saṅgha (the monastic community) and turn the merit toward those who have passed.
This offering later became an annual observance in China. It then reached Japan, where it joined the local customs of welcoming ancestral spirits.
Buddha Speaks the Ullambana Sutra: Maudgalyāyana seeks to save his late mother
Translation
Mahāmaudgalyāyana, having just attained the six supernatural powers, wished to save his parents and repay the kindness of having been nursed at the breast. Looking out upon the world with his Dharma-eye, he saw his late mother reborn among the hungry ghosts, with no food or drink, her skin and bones clinging to one another. Sorrowful, he filled a bowl with rice and brought it to her. When she received the bowl she shielded it with her left hand and grasped the rice with her right; but before it could enter her mouth it turned to fiery coals, and she could not eat.
This is how the story opens. Even Maudgalyāyana, foremost in supernatural powers, could not save his late mother by his own strength, and hurried to the Buddha. The heart of Obon, praying for those who have passed, begins with this scene.
Welcome them, set out the offerings, dedicate the merit, and see them off again.
Each act of Obon is a way of telling the departed, “We have not forgotten you.”
Even in a year when you cannot go home, there is a memorial you can offer from afar.
This Obon, too, please say “welcome home” to the departed.
If you request a stupa (sotoba) or memorial tablet (ihai), it is enshrined on the shoryodana during the memorial.
From far away, from overseas, or from home, you can put your hands together at the same hour.
Every day, throughout the period
Held every evening from welcoming Obon to sending Obon
We hold the service every evening throughout Obon, continuing the memorial from welcoming the departed through offerings and dedication of merit to seeing them off.
July Obon runs July 10 – 16; August Obon runs August 10 – 16.
Certificates of dedication and any items you requested are sent in turn after the memorial ends.
Obon Memorial Service Q&A
Choosing between July and August Obon, joining online, first Obon (shinbon or hatsubon), tradition, stupas and bestowed items.
Source
T16, no.685, 779a
Buddha Speaks the Ullambana Sutra: The practice taught by the Buddha
Translation
The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: "On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, at the time when the saṅgha of the ten directions hold their pravāraṇā ceremony, prepare for the sake of your ancestors of seven generations and your present parents in distress: rice, the hundred flavors of fruits, vessels for offering and washing, fragrant oil, lamps and candles, bedding and mats — gather all that is sweet and fine in the world, place it in the offering tray, and present it to the great virtuous saṅgha of the ten directions."
This is the practice the Buddha gave for saving the departed. On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when the rains retreat (ango) ends, offer gifts to the saṅgha and turn the merit toward one's late parents and ancestors. The offering and dedication of merit at Obon rest on this passage.
Source
T16, no.685, 779b
Buddha Speaks the Ullambana Sutra: Year after year, without fail
Translation
Year after year, on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, with constant filial reverence and loving remembrance, prepare an Ullambana offering for one's living parents and ancestors of seven generations, present it to the Buddha and the Sangha, and so repay the kindness of being raised and loved by one's parents.
Original text
年年七月十五日,常以孝順慈憶所生父母,乃至七世父母,為作盂蘭盆施佛及僧,以報父母長養、慈愛之恩。
Commentary
The Buddha teaches that this offering should be made every year without fail on the fifteenth day of the seventh month. This passage is why Obon took root in Japan as a yearly observance.
Source
T16, no.685, 779c
Zongmi's Commentary on the Ullambana Sutra: the traditional reading of "yulan" and "pen"
Translation
"Yulan" is a word of the Western Regions (i.e., India); here it is rendered as "hanging upside down (daoxuan)." "Pen" is a sound of the Eastern Land (China), namely a vessel of rescue. If we follow local idiom, it should be called "a vessel that rescues from being hung upside down."
Original text
盂蘭,是西域之語,此云倒懸。盆乃東夏之音,仍為救器。若隨方俗,應曰救倒懸盆。
Commentary
A passage from the Ullambana Sutra commentary by the Tang-dynasty master Zongmi (780–841). His reading took "yulan" as daoxuan, the suffering of hanging upside down said to befall hungry ghosts, and "pen" as the vessel of offerings that rescues them from it. This reading long served as the standard one. Zongmi himself states in this passage that "pen" is a Chinese word for a vessel.
Source
T39, no.1792, 506c
Karashima Seishi, "The True Meaning of Yulanpen": a recent philological reassessment
Translation
"Yulan" corresponds to olana, a Middle Indic colloquial form of Sanskrit odana (boiled rice); "pen" is a Chinese word for a vessel that holds food.
Original text
「盂蘭」即梵語 odana(米飯)之中期印度語口語形 olana 之音譯;「盆」為漢語盛食之器。
Commentary
Karashima Seishi (Soka University, 2013) re-examined, on the basis of the texts, the reading "yulan = daoxuan (ullambana)" held as standard since Zongmi. He points out that the word ullambana appears nowhere in actual Sanskrit literature, and that in the sutra's own wording, "place it in the pen" and "make the yulanpen," pen means a vessel holding offerings. On these two grounds he argues that yulanpen is more naturally read as "a bowl of rice offered up." The Edo-period encyclopedia Wakan sansai zue already explains pen as "a vessel that holds food," and in Japan this plain reading had in fact long been passed down.
Source
Karashima Seishi, ARIRIAB 16 (2013)
Fozu tongji by Zhipan: the earliest record of an Ullambana service in China
Translation
In the fourth year of the Datong era (538), Emperor Wu of Liang visited Tongtai Temple and held an Ullambana service.
Original text
(大同)四年。帝幸同泰寺設盂蘭盆齋。
Commentary
The Fozu tongji, compiled by Zhipan in the Southern Song, preserves the earliest record of an Ullambana service in China. In the fourth year of Datong (538), Emperor Wu of Liang first held an Ullambana feast at Tongtai Temple in the capital, Jiankang. Its start as a state observance held by the emperor led to its rapid spread afterward.
Source
T49, no.2035, 351a
Nihon Shoki: the beginnings of Obon in Japan
Translation
(Suiko 14, 606) From this year, every temple began to hold a ceremony on the eighth day of the fourth month and the fifteenth day of the seventh month. (Saimei 3, 7th month, day xinchou, 657) An image of Mount Sumeru was made west of Asukadera, and an Ullambana service was also held.
Original text
(推古十四年) 是年自始、毎寺、四月八日・七月十五日設齋。
(斉明三年七月辛丑) 作須彌山像於飛鳥寺西。且設盂蘭瓫會。
Commentary
By the reign of Empress Suiko, every temple had already begun holding a feast on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, the original form of the Ullambana service. The terms "Urabon-e" and its variant spelling appear in the reign of Empress Saimei. This suggests that soon after Buddhism arrived, the service began to take root in Japan as a yearly observance.